Hot rolling reduces heated metal slabs through work rolls to form plates, sheets, and structural profiles. Using steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and copper alloys, heat‑resistant rolls enable large‑volume production for construction, automotive, and industrial applications.
Hot rolling is a deformation process in which metal slabs, blooms, or billets are heated above their recrystallization temperature—typically 900–1250°C for steels—and passed through a series of rolling stands to reduce thickness and shape the material. At elevated temperature, the metal exhibits low flow stress, enabling substantial deformation with continuous recrystallization that refines the grain structure. The process uses reversing or continuous mills equipped with work rolls, backup rolls, hydraulic gap control, and descaling systems to maintain surface quality. Tooling is produced from high‑strength, heat‑resistant roll steels or Cemented Carbide grades designed to withstand high thermal cycling and abrasion. Common materials processed include carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, and titanium. Hot rolling produces plates, sheets, beams, rails, bars, and structural profiles used in construction, automotive components, pipelines, machinery frames, shipbuilding, and energy‑sector applications where high toughness and economical large‑volume production are required.