Cold forming and coining shape steel, aluminum, and copper alloys at room temperature using high‑strength dies and punches. The processes deliver strong, precise parts such as coins, fasteners, gears, connectors, and structural components with excellent surface quality.
Cold forming and coining are precision metal‑forming processes performed at room temperature or slightly elevated temperatures to enhance ductility. In cold forming, metal blanks or wire segments are plastically deformed in progressive dies using high mechanical forces, creating near‑net‑shape components with excellent surface finish and work‑hardened strength. Coining is a localized high‑pressure forming step used to imprint fine details, calibrate dimensions, and improve edge definition. Common materials processed include low‑ and medium‑carbon steels, stainless steels, aluminum, brass, and copper alloys, selected for formability and work‑hardening characteristics. Tooling consists of Cemented Carbide or advanced Cold Work Tool Steels and HSS dies, punches, knockouts, and guiding elements designed for extremely high pressures and tight tolerances. Lubrication is critical to reduce friction and extend tool life. Applications include fasteners, precision gears, splines, bushings, connectors, and small structural components in automotive, electronics, and industrial equipment. Cold forming offers excellent repeatability, low material waste, and high production speeds.
BÖHLER K294 MICROCLEAN is a cold work tool steel manufactured using powder metallurgy and belongs to the group of 10% vanadium steels. The high content of vanadium carbides makes this steel highly resistant to wear. The toughness is at the same level as conventional 12% chromium steels. BÖHLER K294 MICROCLEAN is used in situations where wear resistance is the decisive factor and toughness is of secondary importance.
Read MoreBÖHLER K340 ISODUR belongs to the group of 8% chromium steels. This tool steel is produced using the electro-slag remelting (ESR) process developed by BÖHLER. This re-melting technology ensures the lowest micro and macro segregation as well as excellent purity and uniformity of the material. Compared to conventional 12% chromium steels, BÖHLER K340 ISODUR offers significantly better toughness, hardening response and higher resistance to adhesive wear. This material is therefore used in virtually all cold work applications in situations where tool steels like 1.2379 are insufficient in terms of adhesive wear resistance and toughness. K340 ISODUR also features better machinability and reduces the risk of stress cracking during electrical discharge machining.
Read MoreBÖHLER K360 ISODUR belongs to the group of 8% chromium steels. This tool steel is produced using the electro-slag remelting (ESR) process developed by BÖHLER. This re-melting technology ensures the lowest micro and macro segregation as well as excellent purity and uniformity of the material. The alloy composition with higher molybdenum and vanadium content makes BÖHLER K360 ISODUR even more wear resistant than BÖHLER K340 ISODUR. Compared to tool steels like 1.2379 (D2), this combination of better toughness and wear resistance offers significant advantages for punching and cutting tools.
Read MoreBÖHLER K390 MICROCLEAN is a high-alloyed, high-performance cold work tool steel manufactured using powder metallurgy. This material has the highest alloy content in the group of cold work tool steels with high vanadium content. The high alloy content gives this material outstanding wear resistance. At the same time, the powder metallurgical manufacturing process creates a uniform matrix with finely distributed primary carbides. Among other things, this leads to good material toughness. BÖHLER K390 MICROCLEAN is a problem solver for applications requiring extremely high wear resistance and compressive strength.
Read MoreBÖHLER K460 corresponds to the material 1.2510 (100MnCrW4, O1) and has comparable properties to the popular tool steel 1.2842. Additional alloying with tungsten achieves higher resistance to abrasive wear compared to the tool steel 1.2842. BÖHLER K460 offers the advantage of simple heat treatment with low hardening temperatures and single tempering. However, this characteristic tempering behaviour limits the use of advanced coatings. The material has a good hardening response, but only moderate through hardenability. BÖHLER K460 is used for punching and cutting tools, plastic molds, thread cutting tools and machine knives in the wood, paper and recycling industries.
Read MoreBÖHLER K888 MATRIX – This MATRIX steel offers an excellent combination of high toughness and high compressive strength. MATRIX materials have high toughness, which is a critical factor in many applications. However, the hardness achievable with commonly used MATRIX steels often limits the potential applications. BÖHLER K888 MATRIX breaks through this barrier and offers the best of both worlds of matrix steels and high alloy tool steels. BÖHLER K888 MATRIX is a unique problem solver in situations where high compressive strength and toughness are required. Its advantageous tempering behavior with a pronounced secondary hardness maximum also enables the use of advanced coatings.
Read MoreBÖHLER K890 MICROCLEAN is a high-performance cold work tool steel manufactured using powder metallurgy. It features good toughness, very high compressive strength and excellent fatigue strength. This favorable combination of properties can avoid chipping damages to tools. BÖHLER K890 MICROCLEAN is not only used in cold work applications, but also in mold making.
Read MoreBÖHLER S390 MICROCLEAN – “The decathlete” This grade is our PM steel with many positive usage properties. For twist drills, taps, mills, broaches, or cold-work applications, BÖHLER S390 MICROCLEAN is always a high performer.
Read MoreBÖHLER S600 – “The high-speed steel” Ideal for mills, twist drills, and taps, broaches, cold-work tools. BÖHLER S600 is the most commonly used high-speed steel and is the starting material for our customers who deal with high-speed steel.
Read MoreUddeholm Vanadis 8 SuperClean sets a new standard for Powder Metallurgical Tool Steel. The technological advancements makes this cold work tool steel superior to its predecessors. The unprecedented combination of extremely high wear and chipping resistance paired with improved machining properties raises production rates and reduces costs. Benefits Lower price per produced part Longer tool life Predictable Production Standard specification AISI D2 / AFNOR de type Z230VCD8.5.4
Read MoreOur conventionally manufactured rolls for cold forming applications are produced from premium materials sourced by voestalpine. The finished rolls include voestalpine heat treatment for optiomal product performance. These customized and ready-to-use rolls are mainly used in High Strength Steel (HSS) plates and cold forming sheets. They offer outstanding wear resistance, high compressive strength, excellent ductility and high chipping resistance. By offering a significantly increased service life, decreased downtime, and less maintenance effort, these rolls for cold forming can increase your OEE, leading to a higher productivity.
Read MoreA2 tool steel is a medium alloyed steel with good resistance to abrasive and adhesive wear and cracking. This combination makes A2 an all purpose tool steel for medium run cold work applications. Best Coatings Duplex-VARIANTIC® delivers superior wear resistance and toughness in cold forming and fine blanking — extending tool life and reducing downtime in medium-run applications. Find the perfect match to boost durability and performance in cold work! Check our coating guide to discover the best solution for your application.
Read MoreD2 tool steel is a high carbon, high chromium air hardening steel known for its excellent wear resistance and edge retention. It’s commonly used in cutting tools, dies, and industrial applications requiring high durability and toughness. Best Coatings Duplex-VARIANTIC® delivers exceptional surface hardness and wear resistance through a combined nitriding and PVD coating process, extending tool life and improving performance in cold forming, stamping, and other cold work operations. Boost your cold work tools’ lifetime and efficiency. Explore our coating guide for the perfect fit.
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