Cold rolling reduces metal strip thickness at room temperature for high accuracy and strength. Sendzimir mills use cluster rolls for hard materials like stainless steel. The process produces precision strip for automotive, electronics, appliances, and industrial applications.
Cold rolling is a deformation process in which metal strip, typically steel, stainless steel, aluminum, or copper alloys, is reduced in thickness at room temperature to achieve high dimensional accuracy, improved surface finish, and enhanced mechanical properties through work hardening. The process uses multi‑stand rolling mills with precisely aligned work rolls that apply compressive forces as the strip passes through. Sendzimir (Z‑Mill) rolling, a specialized form of cold rolling, uses small‑diameter work rolls supported by multiple backup rolls arranged in a cluster configuration. This design enables extremely high rolling pressures, making it ideal for hard materials such as stainless steel or high‑strength alloys while maintaining tight tolerances and excellent flatness. Tooling includes hardened, advanced Cold Work Tool Steels and HSS or carbide‑coated work rolls, backup rolls, bearings, lubrication systems, and strip guidance controls. Applications include precision strip for automotive components, stainless steel sheet, electronic connector materials, appliance panels, and high‑strength industrial laminates.
BÖHLER K100 is a 12% ledeburitic chromium steel and corresponds to material number 1.2080 (X210Cr12). This commonly used tool steel is highly resistant to abrasive wear. Compared to modern cold work tool steels, BÖHLER K100 has the advantage of simple heat treatment with lower hardening temperatures and single tempering. However, this characteristic tempering behaviour limits the use of advanced coatings.
Citește mai multBÖHLER K105 is a 12% ledeburitic chromium steel and corresponds to material number 1.2601 (X165CrMoV12). This commonly used tool steel is highly resistant to abrasive wear. Compared to modern cold work tool steels, BÖHLER K105 has the advantage of simple heat treatment with lower hardening temperatures and single tempering. The improved tempering resistance of BÖHLER K105 compared to the conventional tool steel 1.2080 also enables nitriding treatment of tools.
Citește mai multBÖHLER K110 is a 12% ledeburitic chromium steel and corresponds to material number 1.2379 (X153CrMoV12, D2). This tool steel combines the advantages of conventional 12% ledeburitic chromium steels with those of advanced tool steels. In the group of 12% ledeburitic chromium steels, BÖHLER K110 offers the best combination of wear resistance, compressive strength and toughness, for which reason it is used in virtually all cold work applications. Its advantageous tempering behavior with a pronounced secondary hardness maximum also enables the use of advanced coatings. This also makes BÖHLER K110 suitable for complex tools requiring a high degree of dimensional stability and shape stability.
Citește mai multBÖHLER K190 MICROCLEAN is a 12% ledeburitic chromium steel manufactured using powder metallurgy. This material has the highest alloy content of the group of 12% ledeburitic chromium steels. Due to its high vanadium content, BÖHLER K190 MICROCLEAN has a significantly better resistance to abrasive wear than the tool steels 1.2080, 1.2601, 1.2436 and 1.2379. At the same time, the powder metallurgical manufacturing process creates a uniform matrix with finely distributed primary carbides, which among other things contributes to the good toughness of the material. BÖHLER K190 MICROCLEAN is used in situations where tool steels like 1.2379 are insufficient in terms of wear resistance.
Citește mai multBÖHLER K340 ISODUR belongs to the group of 8% chromium steels. This tool steel is produced using the electro-slag remelting (ESR) process developed by BÖHLER. This re-melting technology ensures the lowest micro and macro segregation as well as excellent purity and uniformity of the material. Compared to conventional 12% chromium steels, BÖHLER K340 ISODUR offers significantly better toughness, hardening response and higher resistance to adhesive wear. This material is therefore used in virtually all cold work applications in situations where tool steels like 1.2379 are insufficient in terms of adhesive wear resistance and toughness. K340 ISODUR also features better machinability and reduces the risk of stress cracking during electrical discharge machining.
Citește mai multBÖHLER K360 ISODUR belongs to the group of 8% chromium steels. This tool steel is produced using the electro-slag remelting (ESR) process developed by BÖHLER. This re-melting technology ensures the lowest micro and macro segregation as well as excellent purity and uniformity of the material. The alloy composition with higher molybdenum and vanadium content makes BÖHLER K360 ISODUR even more wear resistant than BÖHLER K340 ISODUR. Compared to tool steels like 1.2379 (D2), this combination of better toughness and wear resistance offers significant advantages for punching and cutting tools.
Citește mai multBÖHLER K390 MICROCLEAN is a high-alloyed, high-performance cold work tool steel manufactured using powder metallurgy. This material has the highest alloy content in the group of cold work tool steels with high vanadium content. The high alloy content gives this material outstanding wear resistance. At the same time, the powder metallurgical manufacturing process creates a uniform matrix with finely distributed primary carbides. Among other things, this leads to good material toughness. BÖHLER K390 MICROCLEAN is a problem solver for applications requiring extremely high wear resistance and compressive strength.
Citește mai multBÖHLER K490 MICROCLEAN is a high-performance cold work tool steel with a balanced property profile, manufactured using powder metallurgy. This powder metallurgical tool steel offers an outstanding combination of high wear resistance, compressive strength, toughness and very good machinability. Thanks to the resulting flexibility, BÖHLER K490 MICROCLEAN is used in virtually all cold work applications, and in many cases this material is the first choice for newly developed tools. The commonly used hardening temperatures of BÖHLER K490 MICROCLEAN also enable shared heat treatment with popular cold work tool steels (1.2379, D2), making it very economical in terms of heat treatment.
Citește mai multBÖHLER W300 ISOBLOC is a 5% chromium steel and corresponds to material number 1.2343 (X37CrMoV5-1). Produced via the electroslag remelting process (ESR), this tool steel has very high hot toughness as well as good hot hardness and very good resistance against heat-checkings. The combination of these properties makes it a top performer in high- and low-pressure die casting as well as in closed-die and open-die forging. In addition, this material has very good polishability and is therefore also often used as a molding material for plastic injection molds.
Citește mai multBÖHLER W300 ISODISC is a 5% chromium steel and corresponds to material number 1.2343 (X37CrMoV5-1). This common tool steel has good hot toughness as well as a high hot hardness and a high resistance against heat-checkings. The combination of these properties makes it a standard choice in extrusion, forging and low-pressure die casting. This material is also available as W300 ISOBLOC which is a remelted grade with improved cleanliness, homogeneity and toughness.
Citește mai multBÖHLER W302 ISOBLOC is a 5% chromium steel and corresponds to material number 1.2344 (X40CrMoV5-1). Produced via the electroslag remelting process (ESR), this tool steel has very high hot toughness as well as very high hot hardness and a very good resistance against heat-checkings. The combination of these properties makes it a top performer in closed- and open-die forging as well as in high- and low-pressure die casting. In addition, this material has very good polishability and is therefore also often used as a molding material for plastic injection molds.
Citește mai multBÖHLER W360 ISOBLOC is a material produced by the electroslag remelting process (ESR), which has been specially adapted for use at high tool hardnesses in the range of 51-57 HRC. Although the steel can be classified as a 5% chromium steel, the increased carbon and molybdenum content coupled with state-of-the-art manufacturing technology ensures that BÖHLER W360 ISOBLOC still shows a very good toughness and an exceptionally good thermal resistance, even at high hardness levels. These properties make the steel the perfect choice for smaller components in the die casting sector (e.g., mold inserts, cores, core pins, ejector pins, etc.). The material also is frequently the preferred choice for closed-die and open-die forging tools due to its high wear resistance. Because of this excellent wear resistance and the high toughness, BÖHLER W360 ISOBLOC is also frequently used for cold work applications and as a molding material for plastic injection molds. The Steel also is available as powder material for metal-3D-printing under the brand name BÖHLER W360 AMPO.
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